Blepharitis

Inflammation of the eyelid.

Overview

Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelids—typically along the lash line. It’s common, can be chronic or intermittent, and isn’t contagious. People with oily skin or skin conditions (like dandruff or rosacea) are more likely to develop it. Symptoms often flare and settle over time.

Symptoms & Types

Red, swollen, itchy eyelids; burning or stinging

Crusting or flaking on lashes; “gritty” or dry-eye feeling; light sensitivity

Watery eyes, foamy tears, or eyelash changes

Anterior Blepharitis

Inflammation at the outer lid margin and lash line—often linked with bacteria or scalp/skin dandruff.

Anterior Blepharitis diagram

Posterior Blepharitis

Related to Meibomian (oil) gland dysfunction along the inner lid edge; oil quality/flow issues worsen eye surface irritation.

Posterior Blepharitis diagram

Causes & Risk Factors

Bacterial overgrowth on the lids/lashes

Skin conditions (dandruff/seborrheic dermatitis, rosacea)

Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)

Allergies or mites along the lash line

Blepharitis can be associated with dry eye and other eyelid/ocular surface issues.

Diagnosis

Your eye care provider examines the eyelids, lash line, and eye surface. They’ll look for crusts, blocked oil glands, and signs of inflammation; occasionally, they may collect a sample to rule out infection.

Treatment

First-line (Home)
  • Warm compresses to soften oils/crusts
  • Eyelid hygiene: gentle lid scrubs/lash cleaning
  • Artificial tears for irritation/dryness
Prescription Options
  • Topical antibiotics/antibiotic–steroid combos for flares
  • Medications for MGD or associated skin conditions

Blepharitis tends to be long-term; regular maintenance usually keeps symptoms controlled.

Home Care & Prevention

Daily lid hygiene during flares (then a few times weekly for maintenance)

Replace eye makeup regularly; remove makeup every night

Manage dandruff/rosacea; take screen breaks to support blinking/tear film

When to Call a Doctor

Seek care if symptoms persist or worsen, vision changes occur, pain increases, or you develop a painful bump (stye/chalazion).

FAQ

Is blepharitis contagious?

No—while bacteria can be involved, the condition itself isn’t considered contagious.

Will it go away?

It often comes and goes. Consistent lid hygiene and treating related conditions help keep it controlled.

Can it cause dry eye?

Yes—oil gland dysfunction and inflammation can destabilize the tear film and worsen dry eye symptoms.